Cover of Educating Lawyers in the Digital Age: From Theory to Practice by Yarik Kryvoi
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Educating Lawyers in the Digital Age

From Theory to Practice

Developed from doctoral research at the UCL Knowledge Lab—one of the world’s leading research centres in human learning, media and technology—this practical guide shows how legal education can become more relevant, effective and affordable.

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Feedback from readers

Leading judges, educators and practitioners describe the book as practical, original and timely.

Portrait of Lord Neuberger of Abbotsbury

Lord Neuberger of Abbotsbury

Former President of the UK Supreme Court

“The future of legal education is undoubtedly digital”
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“Like the future of so many other areas of human endeavour, the future of legal education is undoubtedly digital, and this book provides the roadmap for how educators can adapt to the considerable changes which this will involve, while still maintaining a strong connection to the practical skills and ethical standards which will always be needed in the legal profession. I recommend this book to anyone involved in the design, delivery, or administration of legal education.”

Portrait of Joan Donoghue

Joan Donoghue

Former President of the International Court of Justice

“A valuable resource for anyone engaged in legal training”
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“Dr Kryvoi's original and insightful book is a valuable resource for anyone engaged in legal training for professionals and/or online learning. He used his own BIICL course on investor-state dispute settlement to test various propositions, to obtain participant feedback and to develop concrete recommendations for successful online courses. His research demonstrates that online courses should not be seen as a convenient substitute for in-person education, but rather as a mode of pedagogy that can, with care, offer advantages not available in the traditional model.”

Portrait of Diana Laurillard

Diana Laurillard

Professor of Learning with Digital Technology, UCL

“An impressively interdisciplinary argument”
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“Dr Yarik Kryvoi brings a unique perspective to the issue of educating lawyers. He has the knowledge and understanding of a lawyer, the practical experience of teaching international law, both in person and online, and the deep analysis from his research on how digital technologies can strengthen and extend the value of legal education.

This book offers a challenging critique of legal education as well as the pathway to a more inclusive and effective future. The key is to bring legal education into the digital age. It is an impressively interdisciplinary argument, beautifully constructed and charmingly illustrated.

The reader can skim through the helpful summaries, explore the intriguing quotes from practitioners, enjoy the rare delight of a careful cost-benefit analysis of online learning, and go as deeply as they wish into any area of the argument to find a clear and persuasive analysis. Dr Kryvoi uses his extensive research and experience to demonstrate how optimising digital and online methods can achieve both quality and affordability.

He thinks like a lawyer and acts like the best kind of educator. He transforms the traditions and complexities of legal education, using the clarity and precision of educational theory, to optimise digital pedagogies that will advance every law student’s ultimate ambitions. Remarkably, the book achieves all this in the engaging and exciting journey of a passionate and insightful advocate for a better way.”

Portrait of Justice A.H.M.D. Nawaz

Justice A.H.M.D. Nawaz

Supreme Court of Sri Lanka

“Digital platforms can democratize legal learning”
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“Having served for many years on the bench, I have witnessed firsthand the challenges faced by legal professionals, especially those from developing countries, in accessing quality legal education. Professor Yarik Kryvoi’s book offers a timely and essential exploration of how online legal education can break down the financial, visa, and logistical barriers that have long excluded talented individuals from pursuing legal careers. With his wealth of experience as both a scholar and practitioner, Professor Kryvoi shows how digital platforms can democratize legal learning, making it affordable and accessible to aspiring lawyers worldwide and make them better equipped to address the complex challenges of the modern legal landscape.”

Portrait of Professor G.S. Bajpai

Professor G.S. Bajpai

Vice-Chancellor, National Law University Delhi

“A unique approach”
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“The book ‘Educating Lawyers in the Digital Age: From Theory to Practice’ takes a unique approach by exploring the ways for applying educational theories to teaching in law. This book significantly enhances the understanding in the contemporary areas of online technologies in legal education. By bridging the gap between theory and practice, this book shall be an invaluable resource both for academicians and practicing lawyers.”

Portrait of Benjamin Barrat

Benjamin Barrat

Knowledge Director, Clifford Chance

“Accessible, effective and scalable across jurisdictions”
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“Professor Yarik Kryvoi’s book presents a critical examination of the evolving intersection between legal education and online technologies. As knowledge director at a global law firm, I am acutely aware of the challenges and opportunities that digital transformation brings to the legal profession. This book highlights the urgent need for law schools and other legal education providers to adapt their teaching methods to reflect the rapid advancements in legal practice, from AI-powered case management systems to the rise of remote work and the gig economy.

What sets this book apart is its practical approach, grounded in cognitive psychology and education theory, which offers innovative solutions for delivering just-in-time, online training that is accessible, effective, and scalable across jurisdictions. Professor Kryvoi’s work is insightful reading for legal educators and practitioners alike who are committed to preparing the next generation of lawyers for a globally integrated, technology-driven legal landscape.”

Evidence behind the recommendations

The research method

The book is based on a work-based, design-based research project centred on the creation, evaluation and refinement of BIICL’s International Investment Law and Dispute Resolution online course. It combines interviews, learner feedback, surveys, design experiments and a detailed affordability case study.

Dozens

Research interviews

Legal practitioners, students and educators shared their views about online legal education, professional skills and effective course design. Interviews about the skills lawyers need in practice included senior lawyers from Baker Botts, White & Case, A&O Shearman, Clifford Chance, WilmerHale and Enyo Law.

7

Filmed practitioner interviews

Authoritative practitioners were interviewed for the course to connect legal doctrine with real cases and professional experience. Interviewees included lawyers from Allen & Overy, Simmons & Simmons, Debevoise & Plimpton and Withersworldwide.

11

Senior-practitioner consultations

Practitioners in London, Washington, Hong Kong, Kyiv and Riyadh helped identify the seven essential legal skills and ways to teach them. They included lawyers from Baker Botts, White & Case, A&O Shearman, Clifford Chance, WilmerHale and Enyo Law.

513

Course enrolments analysed

The first course dataset provided evidence about participation patterns in a large-scale international online course.

132

Main evaluation respondents

Participants assessed whether the course met expectations and evaluated its most valuable elements, design choices and pedagogy.

11

Refined-course evaluation

A further learner group evaluated the redesigned course, including scenarios, quizzes, reflective journals and professional-skill development.

Nearly 300

Participants provided feedback

Feedback collected across the project informed successive improvements to the course and the book’s learning-design recommendations.

3

Design experiments

The research tested learning narratives, an educational video and learners’ preferences concerning formats and design elements.

24 months

Affordability case study

Production costs, continuing costs, income and profitability were examined to assess whether high-quality online legal education can operate at scale.

The figures relate to different and sometimes overlapping stages of the research and should not be added together as a single participant total.

Inside the book
Chapter 1

The unique features of legal education and online learning

Legal education must prepare learners to identify facts, interpret uncertain rules and apply law ethically in different contexts. Yet university teaching is often separated from professional practice, while technology has transformed the way lawyers work.

  • What distinguishes legal education from other disciplines.
  • How common-law and civil-law traditions are converging in international practice.
  • Why adaptive cognitive skills matter more than memorising fixed answers.
  • How online technologies can expand access and connect learning with practice.
Chapter 2

Applying education theories to the teaching of law

This part turns educational theory into concrete choices about sequencing, explanation, activity, feedback and media. It shows how online teaching can be designed as active pedagogy rather than a filmed imitation of a lecture.

  • Use scaffolding to support learners while progressively increasing independence.
  • Build coherent narratives through real cases, scenarios and carefully structured explanations.
  • Combine acquisition, inquiry, discussion, production, collaboration and practice.
  • Design short, focused videos supported by questions, notes, activities and feedback.
Chapter 3

The seven essential legal skills

The book formulates a transferable framework for legal work across jurisdictions. The skills move from understanding the problem to producing a useful and persuasive solution.

1Focus on the factual nuances that matter
2Spot the critical legal issues
3Find the relevant law
4Apply law in the relevant context
5Identify strengths and weaknesses of different positions
6Generate client-centred solutions
7Present solutions effectively through advocacy
Chapter 4

Making legal education more affordable

High-quality online courses require significant initial work, especially where they include professional video, infographics and practitioner interviews. The book nevertheless shows how low recurring costs and learning at scale can make specialised training financially sustainable and more accessible.

  • Separate initial production costs from continuing delivery costs.
  • Choose media formats according to learning value, not production prestige.
  • Reuse high-quality asynchronous materials while updating time-sensitive elements.
  • Design for international reach without abandoning professional depth.
Chapter 5

Learning design principles for lawyers

The concluding model brings the argument together: contextualised active learning aimed at adaptive skills. Learners engage with credible professional contexts, actively apply knowledge and develop the ability to respond to unfamiliar facts and changing legal problems.

  • Connect new knowledge to authentic professional contexts.
  • Engage experienced practitioners in teaching and course design.
  • Create outcome-oriented exercises with useful feedback and feed-forward.
  • Support reflection, self-regulation, critical thinking and practical transfer.
Who should read it?

For everyone responsible for preparing lawyers

Law teachers

For designing courses that develop reasoning and professional judgement, not only doctrinal recall.

Law schools

For connecting programmes with legal practice, digital delivery and international student needs.

Law firms and professional bodies

For scalable, practice-oriented training that supports lawyers at different career stages.

Learning designers

For applying education theory to a professional discipline shaped by interpretation and uncertainty.

Citation

Cite the book

Yarik Kryvoi, Educating Lawyers in the Digital Age: From Theory to Practice (British Institute of International and Comparative Law 2025), ISBN 978-1-905221-98-1, DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.5356738.
Related online course

The BIICL course used as the central case study in the book is available as a self-paced online programme. It translates the book’s learning-design principles into approximately 18 hours of guided learning, including practitioner conversations, infographics and applied legal analysis.

About the author

Professor Yarik Kryvoi

Yarik Kryvoi is a London-based lawyer, academic and legal educator. He serves as Director of the Investment Treaty Forum and Senior Fellow at the British Institute of International and Comparative Law, is Of Counsel at Keidan Harrison and co-director of Arbitration Lab.

He holds an LL.M. from Harvard Law School, a PhD in law and a doctorate from University College London focused on educational technology and legal education.

Explore Professor Kryvoi's legal education work · View all publications

Professor Yarik Kryvoi
  • Legal practitioner and academic
  • Doctorates in law and educational technology
  • More than 20 years of teaching and professional training
  • Designer of online courses for lawyers and public officials

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